The Evolution of Digital Violence in the Indonesian Media Ecosystem: An Analysis of the Patterns and Characteristics of Digital Attacks 2021-2025
Evolusi Kekerasan Digital dalam Ekosistem Media di Indonesia: Pola dan Karakteristik Serangan Digital Tahun 2021-2025
Keywords:
serangan digital, kebebasan bermedia, evolusi represi, analisis isiAbstract
Kebebasan bermedia di Indonesia mengalami tantangan serius seiring pergeseran pola represi dari kekerasan fisik menjadi kekerasan digital yang sistematis. Studi ini menganalisis pola serta karakteristik serangan digital terhadap jurnalis dan media pada periode 2021-2025 untuk memahami transformasi represi dalam ekosistem media digital. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode analisis isi kualitatif terhadap 57 laporan yang dihimpun Aliansi Jurnalis Independen dan diperkuat dengan desk study guna menjamin keabsahan data. Kerangka analisis mengacu pada kategorisasi kekerasan digital AJI yang meliputi: malware, phising, hacking, doxing, impersonating, pelecehan daring, dan kekerasan berbasis gender daring. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan peretasan dan Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) menjadi mekanisme serangan yang paling banyak terjadi. Website berita menjadi target utama serangan digital, yang mengindikasikan strategi sistematis untuk melumpuhkan infrastruktur produksi dan distribusi informasi. Selain itu, studi ini juga menunjukkan bahwa serangan digital tidak hanya menyasar media nasional namun juga media lokal. Temuan ini menunjukkan keterkaitan antara intensitas serangan dengan momentum politik yang sensitif, sekaligus pemanfaatan kelemahan sistem media sebagai celah terjadinya serangan digital. Penguatan infrastruktur keamanan digital pada akhirnya menjadi kebutuhan mendesak untuk menjaga keberlangsungan kebebasan bermedia pada ekosistem digital.
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