From Interest to Apathy: Media Access Gaps and Political Trust in Relation to Political Participation
Dari Minat ke Apatis: Kesenjangan Akses Media dan Kepercayaan Politik terhadap Partisipasi Politik
Keywords:
kepercayaan politik, kesenjangan akses media, komunikasi politik digital, partisipasi politikAbstract
Penelitian ini mengkaji peran kesenjangan akses media dan kepercayaan politik dalam membentuk partisipasi politik masyarakat di Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor pasca Pilkada 2024. Secara khusus, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengukur tingkat kesenjangan akses media, kepercayaan politik, dan partisipasi politik masyarakat; (2) menganalisis pengaruh kesenjangan akses media terhadap kepercayaan politik; (3) menganalisis pengaruh kepercayaan politik terhadap partisipasi politik daring dan luring; serta (4) menguji peran kepercayaan politik sebagai variabel mediator dalam hubungan antara kesenjangan akses media dan partisipasi politik. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif eksplanatori dengan desain survei cross-sectional terhadap 404 responden yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling dari pemilih terdaftar dalam DPT Pilkada 2024 di Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear sederhana, regresi berganda, dan uji mediasi (PROCESS Hayes Model 4, 4.000 bootstrap resamples). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kesenjangan akses media berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepercayaan politik (β = 0,389; p < 0,001); (2) kepercayaan politik berpengaruh signifikan terhadap partisipasi politik (β = 0,212; p < 0,001); (3) kesenjangan akses media berpengaruh langsung terhadap partisipasi politik (β = 0,171; p < 0,05); dan (4) kepercayaan politik memediasi secara parsial hubungan antara kesenjangan akses media dan partisipasi politik (efek tidak langsung = 0,060; 95% CI [0,024; 0,104]). Secara teoretis, penelitian ini mengintegrasikan Knowledge Gap Hypothesis, Political Trust Theory, dan Political Efficacy Theory dalam satu model mediasi empiris pada konteks pemilu lokal Indonesia. Implikasi praktis penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya kebijakan pemerataan akses media dan penguatan kepercayaan publik melalui komunikasi politik yang transparan serta program literasi media digital berbasis komunitas.
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